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Authors
Li, Xiaoming
Li, Yukun
Ye, Wenjing
Chen, Xi
Guo, Xuejun
Gu, Wen
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai Science and Technology Commission (22Y11901700)
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Article History
Received: 30 May 2025
Accepted: 26 November 2025
First Online: 11 December 2025
Declarations
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: This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Xinhua Hospital, affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (approval NO. XHEC-D-2021–170) and the Ethics Committee of Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Dezhou Hospital (formerly Dezhou People’s Hospital). (approval NO.2025134). Due to the retrospective nature of this study, the study had no impact on the existing treatment. The confidentiality of patients’ privacy and identity information was guaranteed, and there was no commercial interest involved, so that the informed consent was waived.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
