Document is current
Any future updates will be listed below
-
Authors
Zhao, Hongwei
Guo, Chunyan
Xie, Guanggen
Tong, Yuxia
Wu, Yanqiu
-
Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
the S&T Program of Chengde (202109A045)
- License Information
-
More Information
Article History
Received: 20 September 2025
Accepted: 2 March 2026
First Online: 13 March 2026
Declarations
:
: The study protocol received approval from the Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University Institutional Review Board (Approval No: CYFYLL2021147). Informed consent was waived due to the minimal risk involved, the use of retrospectively collected and anonymized data, and the impracticability of obtaining individual consent without compromising study feasibility. This research adhered to the ethical standards outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki and complied with local regulatory requirements. All data were de-identified and managed confidentially to protect patient privacy.
: All the authors have confirmed that the all subjects’ legal guardian(s)' consent for publication has been obtained.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
