Akiyama, Genta
Ogata, Hiroaki
Tsubouchi, Kazuya
Takano, Tomotsugu
Ichiki, Katsuyuki
Torii, Ryo
Takata, Shohei
Nakagaki, Noriaki
Yoshida, Makoto
Kitasato, Yasuhiko
Tobino, Kazunori
Harada, Eiji
Wataya, Hiroshi
Ishii, Hiroshi
Maeyama, Takashige
Kawasaki, Masayuki
Fujita, Masaki
Yatera, Kazuhiro
Zaizen, Yoshiaki
Kiyomi, Fumiaki
Nakanishi, Yoichi
Okamoto, Isamu
Funding for this research was provided by:
the Clinical Research Promotion Foundation 2024, Japan
the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, the broad-area, network-based project to drive clinical research at Kyushu University Hospital
the Diffuse Lung Diseases Research Group from the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare, Japan
Article History
Received: 2 May 2025
Accepted: 12 March 2026
First Online: 24 March 2026
Declarations
:
: This prospective, multicenter, observational study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Kyushu University (#25-135, August 23, 2013; #555-00, August 27, 2013) and by the institutional review boards of all participating hospitals. Written informed consent was obtained from all patients. Our study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Not applicable.
: KTsubouchi has received Grants from Nippon Boehringer Ingelheim. ST has received personal fees from AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim Japan, Novartis Pharma, Sanofi, Bristol-Meyers Squibb, GlaxoSmithKline, Teijin Pharma, and Kyorin Pharmaceutical. KY has received personal fees from Nippon Boehringer Ingelgeim, Shionogi, GlaxoSmithKline, Teijin Pharma, AstraZeneca, Kyorin Pharmaceutical, Novartis Pharma, and Teijin Home Healthcare. YN has received personal fees from Gaia Biomedicine and Delta-Fly Pharma. IO has received grants and personal fees from Daiichi Sankyo, grants from Bristol-Myers Squibb, Grants and personal fees from Chugai Pharma, grants from MSD Oncology, Grants and personal fees from Eli Lilly Japan, grants and personal fees from AstraZeneca, grants and personal fees from Taiho Pharmaceutical, grants and personal fees from Nippon Boehringer Ingelheim, grants and personal fees from Ono Pharmaceutical, personal fees from Takeda Pharmaceutical, and personal fees from Novartis Pharma. The other authors have no conflicts of interest.