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Authors
Zhang, Ning
Wang, Jinbao
Liu, Teng
Cheng, Guanghui
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82073331)
Project of Science and Technology Department of Jilin Province (20190303151SF, 20210401138YY,20230203082SF)
Horizontal Project of Jilin University (2019YX435, 2019155,2023YX0056)
the Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province, China (No.212558JC010284904)
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Article History
Received: 24 October 2025
Accepted: 15 March 2026
First Online: 1 April 2026
Declarations
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: This study complies with the ethical principles and standards outlined in the Criterions for the Quality Control of Clinical Trial of drugs (2020), Medical device clinical trial quality management practice (2022), Regulations on the Management of Investigator-Initiated Clinical Trials, and the Regulations on Ethical Review of Life Sciences and Medical Research Involving Humans (2016). Approval was granted by the Ethics Committee of China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University (Date:2024 May 23/No.2024052302). As a retrospective study, it does not involve exposure of any patient’s personal information or privacy, nor does it interfere with the patients' routine clinical care. Therefore, Individual patient consent to participate in this study is not required. This study has been approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of the affiliated institution.
: Not applicable. Our manuscript does not contain any personally identifiable information, clinical details, or images of participants that would require consent for publication.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
