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Article History

Received: 24 December 2025

Accepted: 26 May 2026

First Online: 4 June 2026

Declarations

:

: The study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of Yunfu People’s Hospital, Yunfu City, Guangdong Province, China (2025A040). Research conducted on human data was in compliance with the Helsinki Declaration. Given the retrospective nature of the study and the use of anonymized clinical data, the requirement for written informed consent was waived by the ethics committee. Clinical trial number: not applicable.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: During the preparation of this manuscript, the authors used ChatGPT (version 5.2) as an AI-assisted tool to support language editing, stylistic refinement, and organization of the manuscript text. The tool was used to improve clarity, coherence, and academic expression, without generating original scientific content, data, results, or interpretations. All content produced with the assistance of this tool was critically reviewed, revised, and approved by the authors. The authors take full responsibility for the integrity, accuracy, and originality of the manuscript, as well as for compliance with ethical standards and journal policies.