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Article History

Received: 17 March 2019

Accepted: 12 August 2019

First Online: 2 October 2019

Ethics approval

: The experimental protocols were carried out according to the guidelines for animal experiments of the Faculty of Disease Animal Model Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (Daejeon, Korea) as well as Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) of Laboratory Animal Research Center at Chungbuk National University, Korea (CBNUA-1220-18-01). All efforts were made to minimize animal suffering and to reduce the number of animals used. All mice were housed in cages that was automatically maintained at 21~25’C and relative humidity of 45~65% with controlled 12 h light-dark cycle illuminating from 06:00 a.m. to 06:00 p.m. Food and water were available ad libitum. They were fed a pellet diet consisting of crude protein 20.5%, crude fat 3.5%, crude fiber 8.0%, crude ash 8.0%, calcium 0.5%, phosphorus 0.5% per 100 g of the diet (obtained from Daehan Biolink, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea). During this study, all efforts were made to minimize the number of animals used and their pain and discomfort. All studies were approved by and performed according to the ethical guidelines by the Chungbuk National University Animal Care Committee.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.