Ni, Jiaqi
Nishi, Stephanie K.
Babio, Nancy
Belzer, Clara
Vioque, Jesús
Corella, Dolores
Hernando-Redondo, Javier
Vidal, Josep
Moreno-Indias, Isabel
Compañ-Gabucio, Laura
Coltell, Oscar
Fitó, Montse
Toledo, Estefanía
Wang, Dong D.
Tinahones, Francisco J.
Salas-Salvadó, Jordi
Funding for this research was provided by:
Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (FPU 20/00385)
Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR, MFE-171207)
CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN) and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (PI13/00233, PI13/00728, PI13/00462, PI14/01206, PI14/ 00696, PI16/00533, PI16/00366, PI16/00501, PI17/01441, PI17/00855, PI19/00017, PI19/00781, PI19/00576, PI20/ 00557, PI21/0046)
the Conselleria de Innovación, Universidades, Ciencia y Sociedad Digital from the Generalitat Valenciana (PROMETEO/ 2017/017 and PROMETEO/2021/21 grants)
NIH (R01DK127601)
the Consejería de Salud de la Junta de Andalucía (PI0458/2013, PS0358/2016, PI0137/2018)
the Especial Action Project entitled: Implementación y evaluación de una intervención intensiva sobre la actividad física Cohorte PREDIMED-Plus grant
the Recercaixa (2013ACUP00194)
Eat2beNICE and EU- H2020 European grant (Eat2beNICE/H2020-SFS-2016-2 EU- H2020 European grant)
PRIME study (Prevention and Remediation of Insulin Multimorbidity in Europe (#847879)
Article History
Received: 23 April 2024
Accepted: 19 November 2025
First Online: 24 January 2026
Declarations
:
: The PREDIMED-Plus trial was conducted according to the guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki and received approval from the relevant research ethics committees of all participating institutions. The Ethical Committees involved in overseeing the present study are as follows: CEIC del Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus:13–07-25/7proj2; CEIC Corporativo de Atención Primaria de la Comunitat Valenciana:2011–005398-22; CEIC del Hospital General Universitario de Alicante:CEIC PI2017/02; and CEIC Parc de Salut Mar y IDIAP Jordi Gol:PI13/120.
: Not applicable.
: JSS reports serving on the board of and receiving grant support through his institution from the International Nut and Dried Fruit Council, serving on the board of the Instituto Danone Spain and the International Danone institute. None of the other authors declare competing interests.