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Article History

Received: 2 February 2025

Accepted: 4 June 2025

First Online: 25 June 2025

Declarations

:

: Consent was obtained electronically from all participants prior to their involvement in the study. Before initiating any data collection procedures, the purpose of the study, the procedures involved, and the confidentiality measures were explained to each participant. Participants were informed that their participation was voluntary and that they had the right to withdraw from the study without consequences. Additionally, participants were assured that their responses would remain confidential and would only be used for research purposes. The study design and procedures were approved by the Research and Ethics Committee at Aden University, Yemen.

: The authors declare no competing interests.