Shaffer, Jeffrey G.
Doumbia, Seydou O.
Ndiaye, Daouda
Diarra, Ayouba
Gomis, Jules F.
Nwakanma, Davis
Abubakar, Ismaela
Ahmad, Abdullahi
Affara, Muna
Lukowski, Mary
Valim, Clarissa
Welty, James C.
Mather, Frances J.
Keating, Joseph
Krogstad, Donald J. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7972-9667
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (U19 AI 089696, U19 AI 129387)
Article History
Received: 21 June 2018
Accepted: 17 October 2018
First Online: 16 November 2018
Ethics approval and consent to participate
: Ethical approvals were obtained from the National Institutes of Health (NIAID) and from the IRBs of Tulane University (FWA00002055), the University of the Sciences, Techniques and Technology of Bamako in Mali (FWA00001769), University Cheikh Anta Diop in Dakar, Senegal (FWA00002691) and the National Gambian IRB in Fajara, The Gambia (FWA00006873) before patients were enrolled in this study during 2011 and subsequently after providing informed consent for their participation in this study. Please note that the cohort study protocol has been reviewed and renewed annually since that time.
: Consent for the publication of study data which do not identify specific individuals was granted by each participant when they enrolled in the longitudinal cohort study.
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.