Zhao, Yunkang
Li, Jiahui
Zhao, Zeyu
Zeng, Zhiqi
Zhang, Beidou
Xie, Yulun
Su, Yanhua
Rui, Jia
Yang, Zifeng
Huang, Jianping
Chen, Tianmu https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0710-5086
Funding for this research was provided by:
Major Project of Guangzhou National Laboratory (Grant No. GZNL2024A01004)
National Key Research and Development Program of China (2024YFC2311404)
National Key Research and Development Program of China (2024YFE0214800)
Science and Technology Development Program of Guangdong Province (Grant No. 2025B1212030002)
Article History
Received: 29 August 2025
Accepted: 23 September 2025
First Online: 16 October 2025
Declarations
:
: The data for this study were obtained from public databases, news reports, and the relevant literature. The findings were obtained through simulations using mathematical modelling. The study was exempt from ethical review, and the Medical Ethics Committee of Xiamen University waived the requirement for informed consent because (1) all analysed data were anonymised, (2) no medical interventions or biological samples were involved, and (3) the study procedures and results did not affect patient clinical management.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.