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Authors
Mazigo, Ernest
Jun, Hojong
Lee, Wang-Jong
Louis, Johnsy Mary
Fitriana, Fadhila
Syahada, Jadidan Hada
Muh, Fauzi
Chun, Wanjoo
Park, Won Sun
Lee, Se Jin
Na, Sunghun
Han, Eun-Taek
Lu, Feng
Kidima, Winifrida
Han, Jin-Hee https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0836-6675
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Korea Health Industry Development Institute (HI22C0820)
Korea Health Industry Development Institute (RS-2025-02309009)
National Research Foundation of Korea (RS-2023-00240627)
National Research Foundation of Korea (RS-2025-16069701)
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Article History
Received: 30 April 2025
Accepted: 27 November 2025
First Online: 9 March 2026
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the National Institute for Medical Research (NIMR), Ministry of Health, Tanzania (Protocol No. NIMR/HQ/R.8a/Vol.IX/4114) and the Institutional Review Board of Kangwon National University, Republic of Korea (Approval No. KWNUIRB-2022-06-008). All procedures were conducted in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to sample collection.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
