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Authors
Zhao, Mengyuan
Xiong, Yingbei
Yao, Yifan
Jia, Changli
Lin, Kunhe
Xiang, Li
Jiang, Junnan
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
the National Natural Science Foundation of China (72474073, 72174068)
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Article History
Received: 13 November 2025
Accepted: 6 February 2026
First Online: 15 February 2026
Declarations
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: Research involving human data has been performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations in the declaration. The study was approved by the Biomedical Ethics Review Committee of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (S058, April 23, 2025). The need for informed consent was waived by the ethics institutional review board of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology because of the retrospective nature of the study. All authors confirm that this research caused no harm (physical or mental) to any participants.
: Not applicable.
: The data used are fully anonymized statistical data that cannot be traced to any specific individual, hence “Not applicable.”
: The authors declare no competing interests.
