Ross, Tyler R.
Thiemann, Gregory W.
Kirschhoffer, B. J.
Kirschhoffer, Jon
York, Geoff
Derocher, Andrew E.
Johnson, Amy C.
Lunn, Nicholas J.
McGeachy, David
Trim, Vicki
Northrup, Joseph M.
Funding for this research was provided by:
Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
Earth Rangers
Polar Knowledge Canada
Weston Family Foundation
Banrock Station Environmental Trust
Canadian Association of Zoos and Aquariums
Churchill Northern Studies Centre
Canadian Wildlife Federation
Environment and Climate Change Canada
Hauser Bears
Isdell Family Foundation
Wildlife Media, Inc
Kansas City Zoo
Manitoba Department of Agriculture and Resource Development
Manitoba Sustainable Development
Pittsburgh Zoo Conservation Fund
Polar Bears International
Polar Continental Shelf Project
Quark Expeditions
San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance
University of Alberta
Article History
Received: 9 January 2024
Accepted: 29 May 2024
First Online: 15 July 2024
Declarations
:
: Research protocols were reviewed and approved annually by the animal care committees of Environment and Climate Change Canada (Prairie and Northern Region), the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry, University of Alberta, and York University, and followed the guidelines of the American Society of Mammalogists for the use of wild mammals in research and the Canadian Council on Animal Care.
: The authors declare no competing interests.