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Authors
Hampton, Cecilia M.
DeGroot, Breanna C.
Brewster, Lauran R.
Bassos-Hull, Kim
Metzger, Benjamin A.
Mooney, T. Aran
Ajemian, Matthew J.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Science Foundation (OCE-214365, OCE-214365, OCE-214365, OCE-214365, OCE-214365, OCE-214365)
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Article History
Received: 10 March 2025
Accepted: 31 May 2025
First Online: 4 July 2025
Declarations
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: All animals captured and tested in this study experienced procedures approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees of Florida Atlantic University (Animal Use Protocol A21-41) and Mote Marine Laboratory (Animal Use Protocol 21-09-KBH1, 22-09-KBH1, 23-09-KBH1). Rays were collected and handled under permits issued by the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (SAL-21-1785-SRP, SAL-22-1785-SRP, SAL-21-1140-SRP, SAL-22-1140-SRP, SAL-23-1140-SRP) and the Bermuda Department of Conservation Services (Special Permit/Protected Species Licence No. 2022081716). All efforts were made to minimize animal pain and suffering during collection and tagging procedures.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
