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Authors
Manikowska-Ślepowrońska, Brygida
Cieślińska, Karolina
Ślepowroński, Krzysztof
Siekiera, Joachim
Goc, Michał
Iliszko, Lech M.
Jakubas, Dariusz
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Uniwersytet Gdański (538-L120-B932-15)
the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education (203733/E-335/SPUB/2016/5, 203733/E-335/SPUB/2018/1, 203733/E-335/SPUB/2016/5, 203733/E-335/SPUB/2018/1)
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Article History
Received: 21 July 2025
Accepted: 21 October 2025
First Online: 26 November 2025
Declarations
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: Birds were captured, handled, and tagged with GPS-logger following the Polish law, i.e. under ringing permission. The need for ethical approval for this study was exempted by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education National Ethics Committee for Animal Experiments.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
