Andreadis, Catherine R.
Kulahci, Ipek G.
Ndung’u, James
Kigen, Daisy
Kimiti, Priscilla
Mugambi Kibe, Kevin
Laske, Noelle R.
Mwadime, Janet
Wanjala, Nashon
Pontzer, Herman
Laske, Timothy G.
Akinyi, Mercy Y.
Archie, Elizabeth A.
Funding for this research was provided by:
U.S. National Science Foundation (https://ror.org/021nxhr62)
National Institutes of Health (R61AG078470)
Article History
Received: 10 March 2026
Accepted: 17 July 2026
First Online: 5 August 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: All research was approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) at the University of Notre Dame and the Institutional Scientific and Ethics Review Committee at KIPRE (ISERC/09/22); all research also adhered to the laws and guidelines of the Kenyan government (NACOSTI permit number: NACOSTI/P/23/22601).
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interest: Authors NRL and TGL are employees of Medtronic Inc. The ICMs and monitors were donated and are designed for human clinical use and are not sold or marketed for veterinary applications. All other remaining authors declare that the research was conducted without commercial or financial relationships that could be interpreted as a competing interest.