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Article History

Received: 16 December 2025

Accepted: 30 March 2026

First Online: 10 April 2026

Declarations

:

: The content and design of the SNiP-II baseline and follow-up study were reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee at the University Medicine Greifswald (BB 133/12, BB 133/12a). Written informed consent was obtained from all women who agreed to participate in the study. Additional permission for future contact and data linkage was sought from all study participants at the time of initial consent. In cases of legally minor mothers (i.e., age < 18 years), additional signatures were required from the newborn's and mother's legal guardians. All above mentioned retrospective analyses for cCMV and its sequelae were reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee at the University Medicine Greifswald (BB 138/24). Furthermore, this analysis and data usage was reviewed and approved by the Community Medicine Steering Committee of the University Medicine of Greifswald.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.