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Article History

Received: 18 September 2023

Accepted: 27 May 2024

First Online: 7 June 2024

Declarations

:

: This study was performed in accordance with relevant guidelines and Declaration of Helsinki. The study was approved by the Medical Research Ethics Committee of the School of Public Health of Fudan University in Shanghai, China (approve number: IRB#2019-11-0788) and by the Institutional Review Board at Stanford University, CA, USA (#53264). Before the survey, parental consent was obtained through signed informed consent forms. Informed consent was obtained from all subjects involved in the study.

: Not applicable.

: Dr. Singh has received research support from Stanford’s Maternal Child Health Research Institute and Stanford’s Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institute of Aging, Patient Centered Outcomes Research Institute, Johnson and Johnson, and the Brain and Behavior Research Foundation. She is on the advisory board for Sunovion and Skyland Trail, is a consultant for Johnson and Johnson, Alkermes, Neumora, AbbVie, Karuna Therapeutics, Inc., and Boehringer-Ingelheim. She receives honoraria from the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, and royalties from American Psychiatric Association Publishing and Thrive Global.  She has previously consulted for X, moonshot factory, Alphabet Inc. and Limbix Health. No other authors report any conflicts of interest.