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Article History

Received: 26 September 2024

Accepted: 30 December 2024

First Online: 17 January 2025

Declarations

:

: This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, ensuring compliance with all ethical standards pertaining to research involving human participants. Informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to their involvement in the study, ensuring their understanding and willingness to participate. The study received approval from the Ethics Committee of Zhengzhou Urban Construction Vocational College.

: Not Applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.