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Article History

Received: 3 November 2024

Accepted: 6 January 2025

First Online: 13 January 2025

Declarations

: We confirm that all methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations

: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University (REC.66-549-3-4), Songkhla Hospital (SKH IRB 2024-Edu-J3-1053), Pattani Hospital (PTN-010-2567), and Songkhla Rajanagarindra Psychiatric Hospital (SKPH.IRB.COA 2/2567). All stages of research were conducted in full compliance with the Declaration of Helsinki and the Ethical Statements of the Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla Hospital, Pattani Hospital, and Songkhla Rajanagarindra Psychiatric Hospital. Throughout this process, participants could not be identified. Thus, the requirement for informed consent was waived by all Medical Ethics Committees.

: Not applicable.

: Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University (66-549-3-4), Songkhla Hospital (SKH IRB 2024-Edu-J3-1053), Pattani Hospital (PTN-010-2567), Songkhla Rajanagarindra Psychiatric Hospital (SKPH.IRB.COA 2/2567).

: The authors declare no competing interests.