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Authors
Almulla, Mazen Omar https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1952-3083
Alismail, Abdulaziz Mohammed https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5972-3320
Mahama, Inuusah https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1149-1189
Almulla, Abdullah Ahmed https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6920-8421
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
King Faisal University (GrantA193)
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Article History
Received: 11 July 2024
Accepted: 10 January 2025
First Online: 27 January 2025
Declarations
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: This study used ethical principles and guidelines for research involving human participants. Informed consent was obtained. Participants were informed about the purpose of the study, the procedures involved, and their right to withdraw at any time without penalty. Confidentiality and anonymity of participants’ responses were ensured throughout the research process.This research project received ethical clearance from one institutional review board in Ghana. The University Research Ethics Committee at the University of Education, Winneba approved and provided clearance with the reference number UREC-UEW/24/007. The researchers adhered to established guidelines for studies involving human participants. All protocols were designed to protect participants’ rights and welfare. The aforementioned ethics committee carefully reviewed and approved the study methodology, ensuring compliance with ethical standards in educational research. This approval process demonstrates the researchers’ commitment to conducting ethically sound and scientifically valid research.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
