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Article History

Received: 22 October 2024

Accepted: 17 January 2025

First Online: 28 January 2025

Declarations

:

: An ethical approval letter was obtained from the ethical review committee of the University to conduct the study (SU/PSY/1475); Date of Approval: 20 October 2020). All participants were fully informed about the nature of the study beforehand and then they provided informed consent. Informed consent was obtained from all subjects and/or their legal guardian(s).

: Not applicable.

: FA is Associate Professor of Anthropology at the Islamia University of Bahawalpur. RB is Professor of Information management at the Islamia University of Bahawalpur. NIM is a Professor of Psychology University of Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. MSH is from the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), Punjab, Pakatan. AR & AY are Lecturers of Psychology University of Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. MS is Professor of Psychology at the Islamia University of Bahawalpur. NK is a PhD scholar at Xian Jiaotong University, China. SG is a vice president and RN is an Associate Professor at Luohe Medical College, Henan Province, China.

: The authors declare no competing interests.