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Article History

Received: 4 August 2024

Accepted: 30 January 2025

First Online: 23 February 2025

Declarations

:

: The study received ethical clearance from the Henan Normal University’s ethical board. It was designed and conducted following the recommendations of the Declaration of Helsinki, revised in Fortaleza to guide research involving human participants.

: Prior to the collection of data, all participants were required to provide informed consent for participation, analyze the data, and share them in an anonymized form with third parties. The recruitment of participants for the study was conducted using a comprehensive approach that included sending invitations via email and posting on social media platforms such as WeChat, QQ, Weibo, and Bilibili. Those who expressed interest were sent a link to an online survey, which was part of a project focused on assessing their career performance.

: Not Applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.