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Article History

Received: 19 September 2024

Accepted: 5 February 2025

First Online: 15 February 2025

Declarations

:

: At the beginning of the study, parents were informed of the study’s purpose, the procedures involved, and that participation in the baseline study was voluntary. Parents provided written informed consent for participation in the study on behalf of themselves and their children. Ethical approval was obtained from the Kyoto University Ethics Committee (E2322). The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.