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Authors
Peng, Naiyang
Sun, Qilong
Li, Zuxian
Xia, Xue
Li, Yansong
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Qingdao Natural Science Foundation (23-2-1-32-zyyd-jch)
Qingdao Social Science Planning Research Project (No. QDSKL2301050)
Qingdao Social Science Planning Research Project (No. QDSKL2301063)
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Article History
Received: 9 July 2024
Accepted: 7 February 2025
First Online: 17 February 2025
Declarations
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: The study was conducted in accordance with the recommendations of the World Medical Association’s Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Qingdao University Ethics Committee (QDU-HEC-2022216). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants and their guardians.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: None.
