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Authors
Xu, Ting
Li, Hansen
Rao, Ge
Wang, Feng
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
2023 Research Project on Education and Teaching Reform at Tarim University (TDGJSZ2409)
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Article History
Received: 11 December 2024
Accepted: 26 March 2025
First Online: 8 April 2025
Declarations
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: The questionnaire survey was conducted in classrooms with the verbal approval of the schools and students’ guardians, and the procedure of obtaining consent was approved by the Ethics Committee of Southwest University (201930700). We ensured that all participants signed an informed consent form before the start of the study, and 838 participants under 16 years of age and have obtained written informed consent from the parents/legal guardians. Participation was entirely voluntary and conducted anonymously to protect the privacy of the respondents. This study was performed in accordance with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Ethics Committee of Southwest University, Chongqing, China (201930700).
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
