Document is current
Any future updates will be listed below
-
Authors
Liu, Yumin
Cho, Gyupan
Liu, Xiaomin
-
Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Philosophy and Social Science Foundation of Shandong Province. (23DJYJ15)
- License Information
-
More Information
Article History
Received: 18 August 2024
Accepted: 8 April 2025
First Online: 21 April 2025
Declarations
:
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study was performed in strict accordance with the ethical standards of the Declaration of Helsinki (2013) and was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Weifang University (Weifang, Shandong, China, 261061). The dataset from the South National Youth Policy Institute () was accessed under an ethical data sharing agreement that ensures participant confidentiality and anonymity.
