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Article History

Received: 6 May 2024

Accepted: 15 April 2025

First Online: 22 April 2025

Declarations

:

: This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and received approval from the Ethics Committee of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences in Sari, Iran (code: IR.MAZUMS.REC.1402.367). Prior to data collection, participants received detailed information about the study’s objectives, procedures, potential risks, and benefits. They were given the opportunity to ask questions before providing written informed consent. The consent forms emphasized voluntary participation, confidentiality, anonymity, and the right to withdraw at any time without consequences. All procedures adhered to relevant ethical guidelines, including those set by the World Medical Association. Permissions to use data collection tools were obtained from their developers. The study was designed to minimize risks while safeguarding participant rights and well-being. Data were handled in compliance with institutional guidelines, ensuring secure storage and transparency regarding data usage in research dissemination.

: The authors and participants have given their consent for the publication of the study.

: The authors declare no competing interests.