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Authors
Lo, Wei-Cheng
Huang, Yi-Chin
Weng, Yi-Hao
Maruf, Mohammad Ainul
Bui, Chung
Lee, Mei-Hui
Lee, Kang-Yun
Wu, Mai-Szu
Chiu, Ya-Wen
Chiou, Hung-Yi
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Science and Technology Council (NSTC 112-2314-B-037-098-MY3, NSTC 112-2314-B-182A-106 -MY3, NSTC 112-2314-B-037-098-MY3, NSTC 112-2314-B-182A-106 -MY3)
Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (MOST 110-2635-B-037-003, 111-2314-B-037-120)
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Article History
Received: 22 August 2024
Accepted: 22 April 2025
First Online: 2 May 2025
Declarations
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: This study was approved by three ethical committees in Taiwan, Indonesia, and Vietnam – including the Joint Institutional Review Board of Taipei Medical University, Taiwan (N202008053); Health Research Ethics Commission of the Faculty of Public Health, University of Muhammadiyah Jakarta, Indonesia (10.340.B/KEPK-FKMUMJ/IX/2021); and Ethical Review Board for Biomedical Research, Hanoi University of Public Health, Vietnam (021–365/DD-YTCC). All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. With the questionnaire, we provided an informed consent form outlining study objectives and clarifying data confidentiality. Return of the completed questionnaire was considered consent to participate in the study.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
