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Authors
Ahmadi Khatir, Maryam
Modanloo, Mahnaz
Dadgari, Ali
Khoddam, Homeira
Yeganeh, Leila Teymouri
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Article History
Received: 22 January 2025
Accepted: 24 June 2025
First Online: 7 July 2025
Declarations
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: This article was derived from a Ph.D. dissertation in Nursing, approved by Golestan University of Medical Sciences (IR.GUMS.REC.1400.180). Ethics approval for the study was obtained, and written informed consent was secured from all participants prior to their involvement in the research. The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
