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Article History

Received: 7 October 2023

Accepted: 3 July 2025

First Online: 9 July 2025

Declarations

:

: The Ethics Committee of the Business School of Macau University of Science and Technology approved all experimental protocols (protocol code MSB-202514). All experimental methods were performed in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. Informed consent was obtained from all participants.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.