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Authors
Jabali, Oqab https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1156-6205
Hamamra, Bilal https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4375-0293
Ayyoub, Abed Alkarim https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9111-4465
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Article History
Received: 28 March 2025
Accepted: 16 July 2025
First Online: 4 August 2025
Declarations
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: Ethics approval for this study was obtained from the Chair of the Language Centre at An-Najah National University. All research procedures adhered to the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Not applicable.
: The author declares no competing interests.
