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Authors
Yang, Weiqin
Ying, Zhen
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Article History
Received: 1 May 2024
Accepted: 21 July 2025
First Online: 3 December 2025
Declarations
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: The research protocol underwent thorough review and received approval from the Institutional Review Board at Guangling College of Yangzhou University (Approval No. 2023-045-EDU) to ensure compliance with ethical research standards.
: Prior to participation, all individuals provided written informed consent after being provided with a comprehensive explanation of the study’s objectives, procedures, and potential risks and benefits. Participants affirmed their understanding of the research aims, had the opportunity to seek clarification, and willingly participated, with the freedom to withdraw at any point without justification or financial repercussions.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
