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Article History

Received: 29 September 2024

Accepted: 22 July 2025

First Online: 25 July 2025

Declarations

:

: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/ or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The study does not include identifiable data of parents. Informed consent was obtained from the parents included in the study. The study was submitted to, and approved by Social Sciences and Ethics Committee of Gümüşhane University (2020-05).

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.