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Article History

Received: 8 May 2025

Accepted: 21 August 2025

First Online: 27 August 2025

Declarations

:

: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital (Ethics Number: 2024-360-02PJ). The ethics committee conducted a comprehensive review of the ethical compliance of this study based on the Declaration of Helsinki, confirming that the design, implementation process, and anticipated risks and benefits all meet ethical standards, ensuring the rights and well-being of participants.

: In the course of the study, we strictly adhered to the principle of informed consent, and all participants signed an informed consent form, which provided all participants with detailed information about the study, including the purpose of the study, the methodology, the expected risks and benefits, the voluntariness of participation, and the right to withdraw from the study, to ensure that the participants voluntarily participated in the study on the basis of a full understanding of the study. For data collection and processing involving personal information, strict confidentiality measures were taken to ensure that participants’ privacy was fully protected, and that all data were used only for the purpose of the study and disposed of appropriately in accordance with the regulations at the end of the study.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.