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Authors
Chen, Yuezhu
Lin, Yuting
Wang, Xiaojing
Ye, Jialu
Huang, Yi
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Central Funds Guiding the Local Science and Technology Development of Sichuan Province (2023ZYD0123)
National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022ZD0209104)
Achievement Transformation Demonstration Project of Chengdu City (2022-YF09-00010-SN)
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Article History
Received: 13 June 2025
Accepted: 1 September 2025
First Online: 26 September 2025
Declarations
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: All participants provided informed consent and the CHARLS study was approved by the Institutional Review Board at Peking University (approval no. IRB00001052–11015).
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
