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Authors
Zhao, Ningxin
Wang, Zimo
Gao, Minqi
Chen, Xin
Yang, Xiujie
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Beijing Natural Science Foundation (L242110)
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Article History
Received: 16 August 2024
Accepted: 9 October 2025
First Online: 12 November 2025
Declarations
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: This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles stated in the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Ethics Committee of the faculty of psychology of Beijing Normal University (Approval number: 202003160014). Prior to participation, all participants provided written informed consent after receiving detailed explanations of the study’s objectives, procedures, risks, and benefits. Participants were informed that their involvement was voluntary, with the option to withdraw at any time.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
