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Authors
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
the 2025 Graduate Innovation and Practice Project of China University of Geosciences (CX2025YC129)
the Key Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (72033005)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (71673256)
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Article History
Received: 4 June 2025
Accepted: 20 October 2025
First Online: 25 November 2025
Declarations
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: This study has obtained the approval of the Academic Committee of the School of Economics and Management, China University of Geosciences (Beijing) (CUGB-EC-2025–10). The work process was performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. The purpose of the study, the choice of voluntary withdrawal from the study, and anonymity were explained at the beginning of the formal questionnaire, and informed consent was obtained from the participants.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
