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Authors
Xu, Tao
Wang, Yongsheng
Han, Zhengying
Liu, Lvhao
Chen, Jiajia
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Youth Project of the National Social Science Foundation of China (22CTY007)
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Article History
Received: 14 July 2025
Accepted: 26 October 2025
First Online: 24 November 2025
Declarations
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: In accordance with research ethics requirements, the recruitment of participants adhered to the principles of voluntary participation and informed consent. Prior to conducting the questionnaire survey, the researchers obtained informed consent from teachers, students, and the students’ legal guardians. Additionally, this study received approval from the Biomedical Ethics Committee of Jishou University prior to its initiation (Approval No.: JXDX-2023-0011). Finally, We confirm that all procedures of our study strictly adhere to the principles of the World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki (2024 version).
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
