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Authors
Ma, Li
Liu, Leqing
Song, Xianshan
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Supported by Tianjin Office of Philosophy and Social Scienc (TJGL23-018)
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Article History
Received: 4 January 2025
Accepted: 28 October 2025
First Online: 23 December 2025
Declarations
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: The study was approved by ethics committee of Tianjin Normal University management school (approval number: 2024011001). As questionnaire carried out in the study that informed consent was obtained from all participants in the manuscript. All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations in the ethical approval and consent to participate section of manuscript.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
