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Authors
Tang, Xiaoxiao
Xu, Rui
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Article History
Received: 2 July 2024
Accepted: 11 November 2025
First Online: 17 December 2025
Declarations
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: This study was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of the School of Humanities and Law at the China University of Petroleum (East China) on March 15, 2024 (Reference number: UPC-IRB-2024-03-018). Informed consent was obtained from all participants and their legal guardians before participation. The consent process included clear explanations of the study’s purpose, procedures, potential risks, and benefits in age-appropriate and culturally appropriate language. Confidentiality and anonymity of the participants were strictly maintained throughout the study.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
