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Authors
Soharwardi, Mariam Abbas https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4216-1032
Anjum, Razia
Rana, Anna
Sarwar, Javeria
Rahat, Sarmad
Waseem, Summayya
Iqbal, Muhammad Saeed https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5551-0783
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Article History
Received: 27 July 2025
Accepted: 12 November 2025
First Online: 4 December 2025
Declarations
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: This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the Declaration of Helsinki (1964) and its subsequent amendments, as well as the institutional guidelines of The Islamia University of Bahawalpur. Ethical approval was granted by the Office of Research, Innovation and Commercialization (ORIC), The Islamia University of Bahawalpur (Reference No. IUB/ORIC/129; Date of Approval: 19 April 2024). Informed consent was obtained from all participants after explaining the purpose of the study and ensuring confidentiality, anonymity, and the right to withdraw at any time without consequences.
: All authors have read and approved the final version of the manuscript and consent to its publication. As the study does not include any identifying images or personal/clinical details that compromise anonymity, consent for publication is marked as “Not Applicable” for participants. All participants were informed that their anonymized data would be used solely for academic and publication purposes.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
