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Authors
Liao, Te-Kai
Huang, Hsuan-Yi
Lin, Ying-Jia
Ho, Chung-Han
Wang, Jhi-Joung
Liang, Fu-Wen
Chou, Hsiao-Hsuan
Lim, Sher-Wei
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Chi Mei Medical Center, Chiali (CCFHR11404)
Chi Mei Medical Center, Chiali (CCFHR11404)
Chi Mei Medical Center, Chiali (CCFHR11404)
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Article History
Received: 20 August 2025
Accepted: 20 November 2025
First Online: 16 December 2025
Declarations
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: This study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of the Chi Mei Medical Center (CMMC) (IRB serial no. 11401-020). All personal identifiers were encrypted to ensure data confidentiality, and participant information was fully anonymized to comply with ethical guidelines set by Taiwan’s BNHI. The IRB of CMMC waived the requirement for individual informed consent due to LHID2005 without personally identifiable information and all data can be analyzed anonymously.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
