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Authors
Yang, Hui
Shu, Zhan
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Article History
Received: 29 May 2024
Accepted: 3 December 2025
First Online: 13 December 2025
Declarations
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: The study data comes from CHARLS and has been approved by the Biomedical Ethics Committee of Peking University, approval number: IRB00001052-11015.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
