Keshky, Mogeda El Sayed El https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0456-9889
Hamididin, Radeah Mohammed https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2160-2823
Funding for this research was provided by:
The National Centre for Social Research (NCSS) in Saudi Arabia (ن ع – 46 - 1)
Article History
Received: 20 August 2025
Accepted: 4 December 2025
First Online: 10 December 2025
Declarations
:
: This study received ethical approval from the Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Arts and Humanities, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. All participants were informed about the aim of the study and their right to withdraw from the study at any time, and informed consent was obtained from all participants. For participants under the age of 16, informed consent was additionally obtained from their parents or legal guardians. All procedures followed were carried out in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration of 1975, as revised in 2000.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.