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Authors
Long, Haiyi
Yang, Yanni
Chen, Liaoyue
Luo, Shaoting
Lai, Haiyun
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Article History
Received: 2 October 2025
Accepted: 18 December 2025
First Online: 27 December 2025
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University (Approval Code: 2024PS931K) and was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and relevant guidelines and regulations. Participation was voluntary and anonymous. Electronic informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to data collection.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
