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Authors
Meng, Yicen https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2481-9566
Nik Yaacob, Nik Rosila https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3972-5688
Othman Mydin, Yasmin https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6425-9079
Li, Fengjie
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Article History
Received: 2 July 2025
Accepted: 31 December 2025
First Online: 9 January 2026
Declarations
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: This study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval was received from the Human Research Committee of USM Human Research Committee (JEPeM-USM) (code: USM/JEPeM/PP/24080737). Written informed consent was secured from both students and their legal guardians.Participation was entirely voluntary, and informed consent was secured from both students and their legal guardians. Anonymity and confidentiality of responses were fully ensured.
: Informed consent for participation and publication of anonymized data was obtained from all student participants and their legal guardians prior to data collection.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
