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Authors
Fouladi-Fard, Reza
Khoshnamvand, Nahid
Mohammadi, Rasool
Atafar, Zahra
Mirhoseini, Seyed Hamed
Abbasi, Atefeh
Rezaee, Reza
Sadeghi, Shahram
Saeedi, Reza
Mirzaei, Nezam
Yazdandoust, Mehran
Mohammadi-Moghadam, Fazel
Hemati, Sara
Ghahrchi, Mina
Mazloomi, Sajad
Jafari, Ali
Yoosefee, Sadegh
Dobaradaran, Sina
Keshtkar, Mozhgan
Samaei, Mohammad Reza
Kamani, Hossein
Baghani, Abbas Norouzian
Ghorbanian, Mahdi
Rahmanzadeh, Elham
Noruzzade, Elahe
Ghaffari, Mohammad-Ebrahim
Azimi, Faramarz
Rezaali, Mostafa
Piroozfar, Fatemeh
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Research Centre for Environmental Pollutants at Qom University of Medical Sciences (991330)
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Article History
Received: 19 July 2025
Accepted: 2 January 2026
First Online: 28 January 2026
Declarations
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: The present study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Qom University of Medical Sciences (IR.MUQ.REC.1399.306). It was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and adhered to the ethical guidelines set by the committee. A Persian-language questionnaire, administered both in person and online, was used to collect data. Informed consent was obtained from all participants for the anonymous dissemination of their responses.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
