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Article History

Received: 14 November 2025

Accepted: 22 January 2026

First Online: 28 January 2026

Declarations

:

: The study was approved by the Bilecik Seyh Edebali University Non-Interventional Clinical Research Ethics Committee (approval number: 8, date: December 5, 2023). In addition, permission to conduct the study was obtained from the hospital (approval number: 3, date: January 19, 2024). All participants were informed about the aim and procedures of the study, and both written and verbal informed consent were obtained prior to participation. Participation was voluntary, and participants were free to withdraw at any time without penalty. The study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The study protocol and detailed statistical analysis plan are available in the study's ClinicalTrials.gov registry. Patients and the public were not involved in the design, conduct, or reporting of this study.

: Not applicable. (No individual data or images that require consent for publication are included in this article.)

: The authors declare no competing interests.