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Authors
Kuang, Xiaoxue
Lee, John Chi-Kin
Xu, Yanzhuan
Leung, Chi Hung
Hao, Lixia
Liao, Wenshan
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Guangdong Philosophy and Social Science Planning Project (GD23YJY04)
Guangdong Provincial Higher Education Teaching Research and Reform Project
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Article History
Received: 4 October 2025
Accepted: 22 January 2026
First Online: 4 February 2026
Declarations
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: Ethical approval for all procedures described in this article was obtained from the Ethics Committee of the School of Education (Normal School), Dongguan University of Technology, China (Approval No. HR 011-2022). All the participants have been informed and consented to participate in the survey.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
